From Apes to Cyborgs

This book offers fascinating insights into the lives of our ancestors and investigates the dynamic processes that led to the establishment of complex human societies. The aim is both to provide a holistic view of human history and social evolution by drawing on the latest evidence from a wide range of disciplines and to propose new hypotheses on the origins of modern human behavior. After exploration of the encounters of Sapiens with early human species and the demise of those species, diverse aspects of life in emerging societies are examined, including clothing, work, leisure, learning, diet, disease, and the role of women. Attention is drawn to the key role of "self-domestication" - the process of reducing natural aggression and increasing communication and playfulness - in enabling survival. Another focus is Homo economicus . The significance of symbolic thought in enabling the emergence of surpluses in goods and services is highlighted, with analysis of how this led to private accumulation of wealth and development of the first hierarchical societies. Finally, the discussion turns to humans of the future and the potential risks posed by artificial intelligence for the way we live and human freedom.